Validity Search
Validity search is conducted to check whether a patent is valid or not. To check whether a patent is valid or not it is examined on two criterias:

Novelty
Non-Obviousness

To examine whether a patent fulfills the above criteria all patents and non-patent literature related to the domain is analyzed to identify the prior art. This search is performed when client wants to avoid or defend an infringement on a patent.

Document Review Services
Document review service is conducted to assist client in a litigation case. For this purpose memorandum, lab notes, scientific research paper/article, or any other document provided by the client are analyzed. From the pool of documents provided by the client, all relevant documents, which can support client's litigation case, are filtered and categorized. A team of technical experts provides a brief summary for all the documents, which can used by the client for future references as well. The documents are analyzed by experts using software like LEXIS NEXIS Concordance.

Claim Mapping
Claim mapping study helps client to take decisions regarding licensing deals and litigations. This study involves mapping of the claims of a patent to a product description, a technical document or a standard. In this study we use the most representative claim for mapping with product or standard. The selected claim is broken down into various sub clauses, each clause representing an element/feature. For each element/feature relevant product/standard description is mapped. The degree of mapping is proportional to the degree of infringement which is turn proportion cost of litigation or licensing deal.

File Wrapper /File History Analysis
File wrapper is a collection of all documents prepared by the patent office and the applicant during patent prosecution. In this study, entire file history of patent is analyzed to obtain status of patent application, latest claims, and insights about events that took place between patent office and the applicant. This study can also be a part of validity search, freedom to operate study and others.